AUTHOR(S)
Wafaa Mashkoor Husein1 and Abdulla Nezar Ali2*
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT
Nowadays, one of the main pests affecting stored seeds is Callosobruchus maculatus, which
drastically lowers their quality and marketability. Especially for grains intended for human or
animal feed, the conventional chemical insecticides used to manage this pest can carry serious
risks. Consequently, the quest for substitute pest management strategies, such as the application of
plant extracts and bioactive substances, has received a lot of attention lately. Multiple insect pests
can be successfully controlled by bioactive substances found in particular plant components,
according to recent research. The purpose of this work was to assess how well-known insecticidal
plants Achillea millefolium and Heliotropium bacciferum affected life of C. maculatus cycle and to
extract their bioactive components. Part of the components taken from the leaves of A. millefolium
and H. bacciferum were identified by GC-Mass spectrometry. Three replicates were examined
using ethanol, ethyl acetate, hexane extracts, cold water, hot water, and ethanol at four
concentrations: 10, 7.5, 5, and 2.5 mg.mL-1 over 24-, 48-, 72-, and 96-hour periods. The most
notable effect on beetle life metrics was found to be shown by H. bacciferum extracts. Mortality
rates from adult and egg extracts were especially high at 10% concentration over 96 hours. Egg
mortality from a 10% ethanol extract of H. bacciferum, for example, was 74%; egg mortality from
ethyl acetate and hexane extracts was 69% and 65.07%, respectively; egg mortality from hot and
cold-water extracts was (51%) and (47%). Adult death rates were (84%) for the 10% ethanol
extract, (79%), (75%), (59%), and (55%) for the ethyl acetate, hexane, hot water, and cold-water
extracts, in that order.
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Keywords: A. millefolium, H. bacciferum, Callosobruchus maculatus, plant extraction, phytochemical.
DOI
https://doi.org/10.57182/jbiopestic.17.1.42-53
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How to cite this article:
Citation: Wafaa Mashkoor Husein and Abdulla Nezar Ali. 2024 The Toxic effects of Achillea millefolium
and Heliotropium bacciferum on specific life performance aspects of the Callosobruchus maculatus in
vitro. Journal of Biopesticides, 17(1):42-53.