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India is the largest producer and consumer of pulses and shares 35.20 per cent area and 27.65 per cent of the global production. Among the insect pests infesting stored pulses, bruchid Callosobrucrhus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) is the most serious one and it attacks invariably all the pulses under storage conditions with mild infestation in the field as well. It is therefore, imperative to save the stored pulses from this serious pest. In many storage systems, fumigants are the most economical and convenient tool for managing storedgrain insect pests. The increasing problem with today’s fumigants makes it necessary for research to devise other control procedures and to identify new fumigants, which are eco-friendly and less expensive. Essential oils are potential sources of alternative compounds for currently used fumigants. The LC50 values of five essential oils viz., eucalyptus, citronella, rosemary, cardamom and geranium were investigated against pulse beetle C. maculatus through fumigation bioassay were 11.66, 16.25, 21.35, 22.07 and 25.11 µl l-1 of air respectively. The lowest LD50 value was observed for eucalyptus oil (11.66 µl l-1 of air) and the LD50 value of geranium was the highest (25.11 µl l-1 of air). Fumigant effects of the essential oils are discussed in the context of the existing fumigants is likely to be phased out in 2015.
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